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维州人权委员会声明:提交议会的COVID-19综合条例修正草案和人权 [复制链接]

发表于 2020-10-5 23:04 |显示全部楼层
此文章由 yang689 原创或转贴,不代表本站立场和观点,版权归 oursteps.com.au 和作者 yang689 所有!转贴必须注明作者、出处和本声明,并保持内容完整
维州人权委员会声明: 综合条例修正草案和人权

在疫情期间,我们一直提倡人权是政府决策的中心。即将提交议会的COVID-19综合条例(紧急措施) 和其它法案2020修正草案增加了维州人权的潜在风险,该综合条例包括了公共卫生健康法修正草案。

2020年9月24日

正在提议的综合条例修正草案将扩大在2008公共卫生健康法下授权拘留民众的人员数量,而且还允许根据未来可能的可疑行为来拘留。尽管这些修正条例是为了在未来数月保护公共卫生而设计的,但是,在缺乏正当安全保障的情况下,它们可能会严重影响个人自由,潜在侵犯人权。

我们首先担忧的是综合条例草案扩大了法律授权的拘留他人的权力范围。在新条例下,如果授权的工作人员有理由相信某人不会遵守公共卫生指南,就可以拘留这些高风险人士(新冠阳性或密切接触者)。

虽然我们认识到需要措施保护社区,防止有人故意忽视公众卫生秩序,但该草案把注意力放在了未来可疑的不遵守者,而不是拒绝遵守的行为。这就增加了人们被任意拘押的风险,导致违反了人权和责任章程的第21节。

我们还担忧这些扩大的拘留权力导致歧视,对某些群体带来更多影响,比如精神疾病患者,残疾人和无家可归者。

我们第二个担忧是该草案扩大了可授权的工作人员范围。潜在的风险是这个授权可能被授予没有公共卫生技能和经验的个人,包括授权以公共卫生的理由拘押人们。在关于“谁”可以被授权某种特定权力问题上需要更精细、明确的法律规定,以降低风险。

在COVID-19传染病期间,我们提倡政府保持人权是决策的中心。当考虑到措施将限制人权时,政府有责任遵照章程,确保这些限制是必要的、公平的和适当的,并确保安全工作透明和负责任。

根据这些人权担忧,我们已经在这些措施的合理性方面寻求政府的更多信息,增加安保措施,包括对发出的拘押令有明确的复查权利。

我们也已经写信给议会法律法规监察委员会表达了担忧,以便他们审查草案是否与人权章程保持一致,并向议会报告。

未来几周,我们将继续监督有关进展,和民间团体、议会以及政府一起设法消除对维州人民人权潜在的影响。

Statement: The Omnibus Amendment Bill and human rights
Throughout the pandemic, we’ve advocated for human rights to be at the centre of the government’s decision-making. Proposed amendments to the Public Health and Wellbeing Act contained in the COVID-19 Omnibus (Emergency Measures) and Other Acts Amendment Bill 2020, currently before the Victorian Parliament, raise some potential risks for Victorians’ human rights.

24 September 2020
The amendments proposed in the Omnibus Amendment Bill will expand the pool of people who can be given the authority to detain people under the Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008, as well as allow for detention based on suspected future conduct. While these amendments are designed to safeguard public health in the months ahead, they could significantly impact on individual liberties and – in the absence of proper safeguards – potentially violate human rights. 
Our first key concern is that the Omnibus Amendment Bill expands the scope of detention powers under the Public Health and Wellbeing Act. Under the amendments, authorised officers would be able detain ‘high risk’ people (people who are COVID positive or close contacts) if authorised officers form a reasonable belief that the person will not comply with public health directions.  
While we recognise the need for measures to protect the community from people who are wilfully ignoring public health orders, the Bill focuses on suspected noncompliance in the future, rather than actual refusal to comply. This heightens the risk that people could be detained arbitrarily, resulting in a breach of section 21 of the Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities.  
We are also concerned that these expanded detention powers may result in discrimination, with certain groups being disproportionately affected, such as people with mental health conditions, people with disabilities and people who are experiencing homelessness.
Our second concern is that the Omnibus Amendment Bill expands the range of people who can be appointed as authorised officers. This runs the risk of individuals without the requisite skills and experience in public health being given those functions, including to authorise detention on public health grounds. Greater precision in the legislation regarding who can and cannot be authorised to exercise particular powers could go some way to reducing this risk.
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have advocated for the government to keep human rights at the centre of its decision-making. When considering measures that will restrict human rights, the government has a responsibility under the Charter to ensure that limitations are necessary, justifiable and proportionate, and to ensure safeguards are in place for transparency and accountability.
In light of these human rights concerns, we have sought further information from the government on the rationale for these measures and the additional safeguards that could be employed including clear rights of review for any person subject to a detention order.
We have also written to Parliament’s Scrutiny of Acts and Regulations Committee in relation to our concerns, in order to inform their review of the Bill for compatibility with human rights and their report to Parliament.
We will continue to monitor the situation and work with civil society, the Parliament and the government to address possible impacts on Victorians’ human rights in the weeks ahead.  

https://www.humanrights.vic.gov. ... l-and-human-rights/
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发表于 2020-10-5 23:13 |显示全部楼层
此文章由 yang689 原创或转贴,不代表本站立场和观点,版权归 oursteps.com.au 和作者 yang689 所有!转贴必须注明作者、出处和本声明,并保持内容完整
本帖最后由 yang689 于 2020-10-5 23:38 编辑

最新的进展是,该草案已经在下议院毫无悬念地通过(工党多数议席),预计上议院会有一定阻力。

目前是本地社区普遍关注的热点话题。

针对前面警察去孕妇家中拘留执法的争议,这个法案可能授权更多非警方人士拘留权力,或者对认为可疑行为的拘留,还有如何保证权力不被滥用和被拘留后的抗诉问题。

一旦通过,影响巨大。没有监督的权力,就会带来灾难。

发表于 2020-10-8 11:19 |显示全部楼层
此文章由 yang689 原创或转贴,不代表本站立场和观点,版权归 oursteps.com.au 和作者 yang689 所有!转贴必须注明作者、出处和本声明,并保持内容完整
由于上议院独立议员和民间团体的强烈反对,昨天,政府已经放弃了这部分有争议的条款。

要在修改后,再公布讨论。下面是媒体报导

https://www.theage.com.au/politi ... 0201006-p562mu.html

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